Fossil findings of insect feeding damage on plants are evidence that insects have been using plants as a food source for more than 400 million years. Researchers led by Roy Kirsch and Yannick Pauchet ...

Coffee beans that pass through the digestive tracts of animals get their unique flavors from the activity of gut microbes, report researchers from the Institute of Science Tokyo. The guts of Asian ...

The plant cell wall is composed of complex polysaccharides, including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin, and serves as an effective physical barrier against microbial pathogens. To successfully ...

The study also found that these elephants had a more diverse mix of gut microbes, including bacteria linked to pectin ...