On immune cells, Toll-like receptors are capable of detecting infections just like a sniffer dog, using special sensors known as Toll-like receptors, or TLRs for short. But what signals activate TLRs, ...

Toll-like receptor (TLR) and saponin adjuvants have each improved vaccine potency and safety. Now, researchers at Stanford University report that combining them in a nanoparticle format improves not ...

Researchers have deciphered the complex interplay of various enzymes around the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), which plays an important role in defending our bodies against ...

Researchers from the University of Bonn are using an innovative method to watch immune receptors go about their business. Immune cells are capable of detecting infections just like a sniffer dog, ...

Twas a head-scratcher: Twelve years ago, researchers found that a receptor, known for its role in a fruit fly dorsoventral patterning called Toll, was related to an important mammalian immune receptor ...

Felicitas Lauber (left), Dr. Janine Holze (center) and Professor Günther Weindl (right) used an innovative method to observe immune receptors at work. Immune cells are capable of detecting infections ...

Toll-like receptors, or TLRs, are the immune system’s early warning sensors. They detect microbial invaders and damage signals, helping the body mount a defense. But when TLR signaling veers off ...