There is no measurement that can directly observe the wave function of a quantum mechanical system, but the wave function is still enormously useful as its (complex) square represents the probability ...

Discover how probability distribution methods can help predict stock market returns and improve investment decisions. Learn ...

Abstract: Probabilistic electricity price forecasting (EPF) is crucial for optimizing decision-making in modern electricity markets. However, most studies focus on forecasting individual market prices ...

This research provides density functions and descriptive statistics for the distance between points for basic shapes in Cartesian space. Both Euclidean and Rectilinear Distances are determined for ...

In this paper, we consider the function f p ( t )= 2p X 2 ( 2p t+p;p ) , where χ²(x; n) defined by X 2 ( x;p )= 2 −p/2 Γ( p/2 ) e −x/2 x p/2−1 , is the density function of a χ²-distribution with n ...

1 Department of Mathematics, Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Department of Statistics, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The main purpose of this paper is to ...

Department of Basic Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan. According to the uncertainty principle, the motion of the single electron in the 1s orbit of a hydrogen atom ...

In the domain of reasoning under uncertainty, probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) have long been a prominent tool for data analysis. These models provide a structured framework for representing ...

College of Engineering and Technology, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates This work aims to evaluate different error ...